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What is a Python Dictionary? Explanation and Code Examples

Python dictionary

Here’s everything you need to know about the Dictionary data type in Python, what it can store, and how to use it. Python has several built-in data types for storing data (more than other languages like JavaScript) – from basic types like integers, floating-point numbers, and strings to more complex types like lists, tuples, and dictionaries. What is a Type? A variable’s type defines what kind of value it can store and what can be done with it. What is a Dictionary? A dictionary is a variable type … Read more

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PostgreSQL vs Oracle – What’s the Difference? Which Should I Use?

PostgreSQL vs Oracle

This article will explain the differences between PostgreSQL and Oracle Database, and help you to decide which you should use in your project (The answer is PostgreSQL). Choosing the right database for your application, whether it’s a webapp, mobile app, or desktop application is vital. Changing database backend mid-development could be a costly (in both your time or money) and frustrating experience. Trying to decide between other databases like MySQL, MariaDB, MongoDB, SQLite and MSSQL? Check out our other guide here. Oracle Database Oracle Database, otherwise … Read more

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PHP Scopes in Functions, Loops, Modules, With Examples

PHP Variable Scopes

This article explains what variable scopes are, and how they work in the PHP programming language, with code examples. When programming in any language, you must be aware of how variables are scoped – otherwise, you risk unexpected behaviour, including incorrect calculations, or loss of data – detrimental outcomes for any application (especially if you are working with business records or financial data) that will result in angry users. What is a Variable? In computer programming, a variable stores a value, giving it a name that can … Read more

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Python NumPy Crash Course – A Simple Tutorial and Example

Python Numpy Course Tutorial Example

Python’s NumPy library is the standard for working with numerical data. This article will explain why that is, and how to use it. In addition to this, code examples for basic usage will be shown, and we will build a real-world example that implements NumPy to work with some example data. Python and Arrays Whether you are working with data collected for scientific or business reasons, it is usually collected in the form of arrays of data presented as tables with single or multiple columns. … Read more

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PHP $this Variable – What It Is, How To Use It [Examples]

PHP this

This article will explain the PHP $this variable – what it is, what it does, and how to use it – with code examples. PHP Objects and Classes PHP is an object-oriented programming language. Code and data can be stored in an object which represents the items your code represents with a set of properties and methods. For example, you might have objects that represent sales invoices, or cars, or pets, or people – each containing code and data relevant to the thing they represent. The properties or attributes of … Read more

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How to Use Variable Variables in PHP, with Examples

PHP Variable Variables

Variable variables let you dynamically access variables by their name. Sound confusing? This article will explain PHP variable variables, and provide code examples. What is a variable? In computer programming, variables store a value, or reference to a value, for later use. Variables have names, and when you access a named variable, the value it contains can be read or updated. Declaring variables in PHP In PHP, a variable is declared when it is first used: Above, a variable named $myVariable is declared using the = (equals) operator, and assigned the … Read more

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Top 3 Best (FREE) GUIs for PostgreSQL in 2022

PostgreSQL Best GUI

PostgreSQL is one of the most popular database systems in use today. GUIs make working with data in PostgreSQL simpler for beginners – here are the best free GUIs you can use on Linux in 2022. What is PostgreSQL PostgreSQL is an object-relational database management system (ORDBMS) for storing structured data. It provides a networked database server that can be used as the backend for your mobile apps, APIs, and webapps. It is also used for storing data for processing in analytics and data science. It’s free to … Read more

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How to Sort a Dictionary by Value in Python [Examples]

Python sort dictionary by value

This article will show you how to sort a dictionary by the values it contains in the Python programming language. Code examples are included. What is a Dictionary? A dictionary is one of Pythons built in variable types for storing data. Dictionaries are similar to associative arrays or hash tables in other languages. A dictionary contains a collection of values or objects. Unlike lists and arrays, rather than their values being stored at a specific index (the ordered position in the sequence of stored values), values in a dictionary … Read more

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How to Iterate/Loop over a Dictionary in Python [Examples]

Python iterate loop dictionary

This article will show you how to iterate/loop over the keys and values in a Python dictionary, and provide code examples. What is a Python Dictionary? In Python, a dictionary is a data type that contains a collection of objects – but unlike a list or array, rather than their values being recorded at a specific index (or ordered position in the sequence of stored values), they are stored in a key – a string identifier which both tells you what a value is for, and which … Read more

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How to Generate & Write CSV Files in Python, With Examples

Python write csv file

This article will show you how to generate CSV (Comma Separated Values) data, and write it to a file, with examples. What is CSV (Comma Separated Values) CSV (Comma Separated Values) is a format for storing and transmitting data, usually in a text file, in which the individual values are separated by a comma (,). Each row in a CSV file represents an individual record containing multiple comma separated values. A CSV file looks like this: name,age,favourite colour Fred,54,green Mary,31,pink Steve,12,orange Above, the CSV describes three people, with … Read more